ETYMOLOGY

  (Supplied by a Late Consumptive Usher to a Grammar School)

  The pale Usher- threadbare in coat, heart, body, and brain; I see

him now. He was ever dusting his old lexicons and grammars, with a

queer handkerchief, mockingly embellished with all the gay flags of

all the known nations of the world. He loved to dust his old grammars;

it somehow mildly reminded him of his mortality.

  "While you take in hand to school others, and to teach them by

what name a whale-fish is to be called in our tongue leaving out,

through ignorance, the letter H, which almost alone maketh the

signification of the word, you deliver that which is not true."

  HACKLUYT

  "WHALE. * * * Sw. and Dan. hval. This animal is named from roundness

or rolling; for in Dan. hvalt is arched or vaulted."

  WEBSTER'S DICTIONARY

  "WHALE. * * * It is more immediately from the Dut. and Ger.

Wallen; A.S. Walw-ian, to roll, to wallow."

  RICHARDSON'S DICTIONARY

  KETOS, Greek.

  CETUS, Latin.

  WHOEL, Anglo-Saxon.

  HVALT, Danish.

  WAL, Dutch.

  HWAL, Swedish.

  WHALE, Icelandic.

  WHALE, English.

  BALEINE, French.

  BALLENA, Spanish.

  PEKEE-NUEE-NUEE, Fegee.

  PEKEE-NUEE-NUEE, Erromangoan.

EXTRACTS

  EXTRACTS

  (Supplied by a Sub-Sub-Librarian)

  It will be seen that this mere painstaking burrower and grub-worm of

a poor devil of a Sub-Sub appears to have gone through the long

Vaticans and street-stalls of the earth, picking up whatever random

allusions to whales he could anyways find in any book whatsoever,

sacred or profane. therefore you must not, in every case at least,

take the higgledy-piggledy whale statements, however authentic, in

these extracts, for veritable gospel cetology. Far from it. As

touching the ancient authors generally, as well as the poets here

appearing, these extracts are solely valuable or entertaining, as

affording a glancing bird's eye view of what has been promiscuously

said, thought, fancied, and sung of Leviathan, by many nations and

generations, including our own.

  So fare thee well, poor devil of a Sub-Sub, whose commentator I

am. Thou belongest to that hopeless, sallow tribe which no wine of

this world will ever warm; and for whom even Pale Sherry would be

too rosy-strong; but with whom one sometimes loves to sit, and feel

poor-devilish, too; and grow convivial upon tears; and say to them

bluntly, with full eyes and empty glasses, and in not altogether

unpleasant sadness- Give it up, Sub-Subs! For by how much more pains

ye take to please the world, by so much the more shall ye for ever

go thankless! Would that I could clear out Hampton Court and the

Tuileries for ye! But gulp down your tears and hie aloft to the

royal-mast with your hearts; for your friends who have gone before are

clearing out the seven-storied heavens, and making refugees of long

pampered Gabriel, Michael, and Raphael, against your coming. Here ye

strike but splintered hearts together- there, ye shall strike

unsplinterable glasses!

  "And God created great whales."

  GENESIS.

  "Leviathan maketh a path to shine after him;

  One would think the deep to be hoary."

  JOB.

  "Now the Lord had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah."

  JONAH.

  "There go the ships; there is that Leviathan whom thou hast made

to play therein."

  PSALMS.

  "In that day, the Lord with his sore, and great, and strong sword,

shall punish Leviathan the piercing serpent, even Leviathan that

crooked serpent; and he shall slay the dragon that is in the sea."

  ISAIAH

  "And what thing soever besides cometh within the chaos of this

monster's mouth, be it beast, boat, or stone, down it goes all

incontinently that foul great swallow of his, and perisheth in the

bottomless gulf of his paunch."

  HOLLAND'S PLUTARCH'S MORALS.

  "The Indian Sea breedeth the most and the biggest fishes that are:

among which the Whales and Whirlpooles called Balaene, take up as much

in length as four acres or arpens of land."

  HOLLAND'S PLINY.

  "Scarcely had we proceeded two days on the sea, when about sunrise a

great many Whales and other monsters of the sea, appeared. Among the

former, one was of a most monstrous size. * * This came towards us,

open-mouthed, raising the waves on all sides, and beating the sea

before him into a foam."

  TOOKE'S LUCIAN. "THE TRUE HISTORY."

  "He visited this country also with a view of catching

horse-whales, which had bones of very great value for their teeth,

of which he brought some to the king. * * * The best whales were

catched in his own country, of which some were forty-eight, some fifty

yards long. He said that he was one of six who had killed sixty in two

days."

  OTHER OR OCTHER'S VERBAL NARRATIVE TAKEN DOWN FROM

  HIS MOUTH BY KING ALFRED, A.D. 890.

  "And whereas all the other things, whether beast or vessel, that

enter into the dreadful gulf of this monster's (whale's) mouth, are

immediately lost and swallowed up, the sea-gudgeon retires into it

in great security, and there sleeps."

  MONTAIGNE. - APOLOGY FOR RAIMOND SEBOND.

  "Let us fly, let us fly! Old Nick take me if is not Leviathan

described by the noble prophet Moses in the life of patient Job."

  RABELAIS.

  "This whale's liver was two cartloads."

  STOWE'S ANNALS.

  "The great Leviathan that maketh the seas to seethe like boiling

pan."

  LORD BACON'S VERSION OF THE PSALMS.

  "Touching that monstrous bulk of the whale or ork we have received

nothing certain. They grow exceeding fat, insomuch that an

incredible quantity of oil will be extracted out of one whale."

  IBID. "HISTORY OF LIFE AND DEATH."

  "The sovereignest thing on earth is parmacetti for an inward

bruise."

  KING HENRY.

  "Very like a whale."

  HAMLET.

  "Which to secure, no skill of leach's art

  Mote him availle, but to returne againe

  To his wound's worker, that with lowly dart,

  Dinting his breast, had bred his restless paine,

  Like as the wounded whale to shore flies thro' the maine."

  THE FAERIE QUEEN.

  "Immense as whales, the motion of whose vast bodies can in a

peaceful calm trouble the ocean til it boil."

  SIR WILLIAM DAVENANT. PREFACE TO GONDIBERT.

  "What spermacetti is, men might justly doubt, since the learned

Hosmannus in his work of thirty years, saith plainly, Nescio quid

sit."

  SIR T. BROWNE. OF SPERMA CETI AND THE SPERMA CETI

  WHALE. VIDE HIS V. E.

  "Like Spencer's Talus with his modern flail

  He threatens ruin with his ponderous tail.

  * * * *

  Their fixed jav'lins in his side he wears,

  And on his back a grove of pikes appears."

  WALLER'S BATTLE OF THE SUMMER ISLANDS.

  "By art is created that great Leviathan, called a Commonwealth or

State- (in Latin, Civitas) which is but an artificial man."

  OPENING SENTENCE OF HOBBES'S LEVIATHAN.

  "Silly Mansoul swallowed it without chewing, as if it had been a

sprat in the mouth of a whale."

  PILGRIM'S PROGRESS.

  "That sea beast

  Leviathan, which God of all his works

  Created hugest that swim the ocean stream."

  PARADISE LOST.

  --"There Leviathan,

  Hugest of living creatures, in the deep

  Stretched like a promontory sleeps or swims,

  And seems a moving land; and at his gills

  Draws in, and at his breath spouts out a sea."

  IBID.

  "The mighty whales which swim in a sea of water, and have a sea of

oil swimming in them."

  FULLLER'S PROFANE AND HOLY STATE.

  "So close behind some promontory lie

  The huge Leviathan to attend their prey,

  And give no chance, but swallow in the fry,

  Which through their gaping jaws mistake the way."

  DRYDEN'S ANNUS MIRABILIS.

  "While the whale is floating at the stern of the ship, they cut

off his head, and tow it with a boat as near the shore as it will

come; but it will be aground in twelve or thirteen feet water."

  THOMAS EDGE'S TEN VOYAGES TO SPITZBERGEN, IN PURCHAS.

  "In their way they saw many whales sporting in the ocean, and in

wantonness fuzzing up the water through their pipes and vents, which

nature has placed on their shoulders."

  SIR T. HERBERT'S VOYAGES INTO ASIA AND AFRICA.

  HARRIS COLL.

  "Here they saw such huge troops of whales, that they were forced

to proceed with a great deal of caution for fear they should run their

ship upon them."

  SCHOUTEN'S SIXTH CIRCUMNAVIGATION.

  "We set sail from the Elbe, wind N. E. in the ship called The

Jonas-in-the-Whale. * * *

  Some say the whale can't open his mouth, but that is a fable. * * *

  They frequently climb up the masts to see whether they can see a

whale, for the first discoverer has a ducat for his pains. * * *

  I was told of a whale taken near Shetland, that had above a barrel

of herrings in his belly. * * *

  One of our harpooneers told me that he caught once a whale in

Spitzbergen that was white all over."

  A VOYAGE TO GREENLAND, A.D. 1671 HARRIS COLL.

  "Several whales have come in upon this coast (Fife) Anno 1652, one

eighty feet in length of the whale-bone kind came in, which (as I

was informed), besides a vast quantity of oil, did afford 500 weight

of baleen. The jaws of it stand for a gate in the garden of

Pitferren."

  SIBBALD'S FIFE AND KINROSS.

  "Myself have agreed to try whether I can master and kill this

Sperma-ceti whale, for I could never hear of any of that sort that was

killed by any man, such is his fierceness and swiftness."

  RICHARD STRAFFORD'S LETTER FROM THE BERMUDAS. PHIL.

  TRANS. A.D. 1668.

  "Whales in the sea

  God's voice obey."

  N. E. PRIMER.

  "We saw also abundance of large whales, there being more in those

southern seas, as I may say, by a hundred to one; than we have to

the northward of us."

  CAPTAIN COWLEY'S VOYAGE ROUND THE GLOBE, A.D. 1729.

  * * * * * "and the breath of the whale is frequendy attended with

such an insupportable smell, as to bring on a disorder of the brain."

  ULLOA'S SOUTH AMERICA.

  "To fifty chosen sylphs of special note,

  We trust the important charge, the petticoat.

  Oft have we known that seven-fold fence to fail,

  Tho' stuffed with hoops and armed with ribs of whale."

  RAPE OF THE LOCK.

  "If we compare land animals in respect to magnitude, with those that

take up their abode in the deep, we shall find they will appear

contemptible in the comparison. The whale is doubtless the largest

animal in creation."

  GOLDSMITH, NAT. HIST.

  "If you should write a fable for little fishes, you would make

them speak like great wales."

  GOLDSMITH TO JOHNSON.

  "In the afternoon we saw what was supposed to be a rock, but it

was found to be a dead whale, which some Asiatics had killed, and were

then towing ashore. They seemed to endeavor to conceal themselves

behind the whale, in order to avoid being seen by us."

  COOK'S VOYAGES.

  "The larger whales, they seldom venture to attack. They stand in

so great dread of some of them, that when out at sea they are afraid

to mention even their names, and carry dung, lime-stone, juniper-wood,

and some other articles of the same nature in their boats, in order to

terrify and prevent their too near approach."

  UNO VON TROIL'S LETTERS ON BANKS'S AND SOLANDER'S

  VOYAGE TO ICELAND IN 1772.

  "The Spermacetti Whale found by the Nantuckois, is an active, fierce

animal, and requires vast address and boldness in the fishermen."

  THOMAS JEFFERSON'S WHALE MEMORIAL TO THE FRENCH

  MINISTER IN 1778.

  "And pray, sir, what in the world is equal to it?"

  EDMUND BURKE'S REFERENCE IN PARLIAMENT TO THE

  NANTUCKET WHALE-FISHERY.

  "Spain- a great whale stranded on the shores of Europe."

  EDMUND BURKE. (SOMEWHERE.)

  "A tenth branch of the king's ordinary revenue, said to be

grounded on the consideration of his guarding and protecting the

seas from pirates and robbers, is the right to royal fish, which are

whale and sturgeon. And these, when either thrown ashore or caught

near the coast, are the property of the king."

  BLACKSTONE.

  "Soon to the sport of death the crews repair:

  Rodmond unerring o'er his head suspends

  The barbed steel, and every turn attends."

  FALCONER'S SHIPWRECK.

  "Bright shone the roofs, the domes, the spires,

  And rockets blew self driven,

  To hang their momentary fire

  Around the vault of heaven.

  "So fire with water to compare,

  The ocean serves on high,

  Up-spouted by a whale in air,

  To express unwieldy joy."

  COWPER, ON THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO LONDON.

  "Ten or fifteen gallons of blood are thrown out of the heart at a

stroke, with immense velocity."

  JOHN HUNTER'S ACCOUNT OF THE DISSECTION OF A WHALE.

  (A SMALL SIZED ONE.)

  "The aorta of a whale is larger in the bore than the main pipe of

the water-works at London Bridge, and the water roaring in its passage

through that pipe is inferior in impetus and velocity to the blood

gushing from the whale's heart."

  PALEY'S THEOLOGY.

  "The whale is a mammiferous animal without hind feet."

  BARON CUVIER.

  "In 40 degrees south, we saw Spermacetti Whales, but did not take

any till the first of May, the sea being then covered with them."

  COLNETT'S VOYAGE FOR THE PURPOSE OF EXTENDING THE

  SPERMACETI WHALE FISHERY.

  "In the free element beneath me swam,

  Floundered and dived, in play, in chace, in battle,

  Fishes of every color, form, and kind;

  Which language cannot paint, and mariner

  Had never seen; from dread Leviathan

  To insect millions peopling every wave:

  Gather'd in shoals immense, like floating islands,

  Led by mysterious instincts through that waste

  And trackless region, though on every side

  Assaulted by voracious enemies,

  Whales, sharks, and monsters, arm'd in front or jaw,

  With swords, saws, spiral horns, or hooked fangs."

  MONTGOMERY'S WORLD BEFORE THE FLOOD.

  "Io! Paean! Io! sing.

  To the finny people's king.

  Not a mightier whale than this

  In the vast Atlantic is;

  Not a fatter fish than he,

  Flounders round the Polar Sea."

  CHARLES LAMB'S TRIUMPH OF THE WHALE.

  "In the year 1690 some persons were on a high hill observing the

whales spouting and sporting with each other, when one observed:

there- pointing to the sea- is a green pasture where our children's

grand-children will go for bread."

  OBED MACY'S HISTORY OF NANTUCKET.

  "I built a cottage for Susan and myself and made a gateway in the

form of a Gothic Arch, by setting up a whale's jaw bones."

  HAWTHORNE'S TWICE TOLD TALES.

  "She came to bespeak a monument for her first love, who had been

killed by a whale in the Pacific ocean, no less than forty years ago."

  IBID.

  "No, Sir, 'tis a Right Whale," answered Tom; "I saw his sprout; he

threw up a pair of as pretty rainbows as a Christian would wish to

look at. He's a raal oil-butt, that fellow!"

  COOPER'S PILOT.

  "The papers were brought in, and we saw in the Berlin Gazette that

whales had been introduced on the stage there."

  ECKERMANN'S CONVERSATIONS WITH GOETHE.

  "My God! Mr. Chace, what is the matter?" I answered, "we have been

stove by a whale."

  "NARRATIVE OF THE SHIPWRECK OF THE WHALE SHIP ESSEX OF

  NANTUCKET, WHICH WAS ATTACKED AND FINALLY DESTROYED BY

  A LARGE SPERM WHALE IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN." BY OWEN

  CHACE OF NANTUCKET, FIRST MATE OF SAID VESSEL. NEW

  YORK, 1821.

  "A mariner sat in the shrouds one night,

  The wind was piping free;

  Now bright, now dimmed, was the moonlight pale,

  And the phospher gleamed in the wake of the whale,

  As it floundered in the sea."

  ELIZABETH OAKES SMITH.

  "The quantity of line withdrawn from the boats engaged in the

capture of this one whale, amounted altogether to 10,440 yards or

nearly six English miles." * * *

  "Sometimes the whale shakes its tremendous tail in the air, which,

cracking like a whip, resounds to the distance of three or four

miles."

  SCORESBY.

  "Mad with the agonies he endures from these fresh attacks, the

infuriated Sperm Whale rolls over and over; he rears his enormous

head, and with wide expanded jaws snaps at everything around him; he

rushes at the boats with his head; they are propelled before him

with vast swiftness, and sometimes utterly destroyed.

  * * * It is a matter of great astonishment that the consideration of

the habits of so interesting, and, in a commercial point of view, so

important an animal (as the Sperm Whale) should have been so

entirely neglected, or should have excited so little curiosity among

the numerous, and many of them competent observers, that of late

years, must have possessed the most abundant and the most convenient

opportunities of witnessing their habitudes."

  THOMAS BEALE'S HISTORY OF THE SPERM WHALE, 1839.

  "The Cachalot" (Sperm Whale) "is not only better armed than the True

Whale" (Greenland or Right Whale) "in possessing a formidable weapon

at either extremity of its body, but also more frequently displays a

disposition to employ these weapons offensively and in manner at

once so artful, bold, and mischievous, as to lead to its being

regarded as the most dangerous to attack of all the known species of

the whale tribe."

  FREDERICK DEBELL BENNETT'S WHALING VOYAGE ROUND THE

  GLOBE, 1840.

  October 13. "There she blows," was sung out from the mast-head.

  "Where away?" demanded the captain.

  "Three points off the lee bow, sir."

  "Raise up your wheel. Steady!"

  "Steady, sir."

  "Mast-head ahoy! Do you see that whale now?"

  "Ay ay, sir! A shoal of Sperm Whales! There she blows! There she

breaches!"

  "Sing out! sing out every time!"

  "Ay Ay, sir! There she blows! there- there- thar she blows -bowes

-bo-o-os!"

  "How far off?"

  "Two miles and a half."

  "Thunder and lightning! so near! Call all hands."

  J. ROSS BROWNE'S ETCHINGS OF A WHALING CRUIZE. 1846.

  "The Whale-ship Globe, on board of which vessel occurred the

horrid transactions we are about to relate, belonged to the island

of Nantucket."

  "NARRATIVE OF THE GLOBE," BY LAY AND HUSSEY SURVIVORS.

  A.D. 1828.

  Being once pursued by a whale which he had wounded, he parried the

assault for some time with a lance; but the furious monster at

length rushed on the boat; himself and comrades only being preserved

by leaping into the water when they saw the onset was inevitable."

  MISSIONARY JOURNAL OF TYERMAN AND BENNETT.

  "Nantucket itself," said Mr. Webster, "is a very striking and

peculiar portion of the National interest. There is a population of

eight or nine thousand persons living here in the sea, adding

largely every year to the National wealth by the boldest and most

persevering industry."

  REPORT OF DANIEL WEBSTER'S SPEECH IN THE U. S. SENATE,

  ON THE APPLICATION FOR THE ERECTION OF A BREAKWATER AT

  NANTUCKET. 1828.

  "The whale fell directly over him, and probably killed him in a

moment."

  "THE WHALE AND HIS CAPTORS, OR THE WHALEMAN'S

  ADVENTURES AND THE WHALE'S BIOGRAPHY, GATHERED ON THE

  HOMEWARD CRUISE OF THE COMMODORE PREBLE."

  BY REV. HENRY T. CHEEVER.

  "If you make the least damn bit of noise," replied Samuel, "I will

send you to hell."

  LIFE OF SAMUEL COMSTOCK (THE MUTINEER), BY HIS

  BROTHER, WILLIAM COMSTOCK. ANOTHER VERSION OF THE

  WHALE-SHIP GLOBE NARRATIVE.

  "The voyages of the Dutch and English to the Northern Ocean, in

order, if possible, to discover a passage through it to India,

though they failed of their main object, laid-open the haunts of the

whale."

  MCCULLOCH'S COMMERCIAL DICTIONARY.

  "These things are reciprocal; the ball rebounds, only to bound

forward again; for now in laying open the haunts of the whale, the

whalemen seem to have indirectly hit upon new clews to that same

mystic North-West Passage."

  FROM "SOMETHING" UNPUBLISHED.

  "It is impossible to meet a whale-ship on the ocean without being

struck by her near appearance. The vessel under short sail, with

look-outs at the mast-heads, eagerly scanning the wide expanse

around them, has a totally different air from those engaged in regular

voyage."

  CURRENTS AND WHALING. U. S. EX. EX.

  "Pedestrians in the vicinity of London and elsewhere may recollect

having seen large curved bones set upright in the earth, either to

form arches over gateways, or entrances to alcoves, and they may

perhaps have been told that these were the ribs of whales."

  TALES OF A WHALE VOYAGER TO THE ARCTIC OCEAN.

  "It was not till the boats returned from the pursuit of these

whales, that the whites saw their ship in bloody possession of the

savages enrolled among the crew."

  NEWSPAPER ACCOUNT OF THE TAKING AND RETAKING OF THE

  WHALE-SHIP HOBOMACK.

  "It is generally well known that out of the crews of Whaling vessels

(American) few ever return in the ships on board of which they

departed."

  CRUISE IN A WHALE BOAT.

  "Suddenly a mighty mass emerged from the water, and shot up

perpendicularly into the air. It was the while."

  MIRIAM COFFIN OR THE WHALE FISHERMAN.

  "The Whale is harpooned to be sure; but bethink you, how you would

manage a powerful unbroken colt, with the mere appliance of a rope

tied to the root of his tail."

  A CHAPTER ON WHALING IN RIBS AND TRUCKS.

  "On one occasion I saw two of these monsters (whales) probably

male and female, slowly swimming, one after the other, within less

than a stone's throw of the shore" (Terra Del Fuego), "over which

the beech tree extended its branches."

  DARWIN'S VOYAGE OF A NATURALIST.

  "'Stern all!' exclaimed the mate, as upon turning his head, he saw

the distended jaws of a large Sperm Whale close to the head of the

boat, threatening it with instant destruction;- 'Stern all, for your

lives!'"

  WHARTON THE WHALE KILLER.

  "So be cheery, my lads, let your hearts never fail,

  While the bold harpooneer is striking the whale!"

  NANTUCKET SONG.

  "Oh, the rare old Whale, mid storm and gale

  In his ocean home will be

  A giant in might, where might is right,

  And King of the boundless sea."

  WHALE SONG.